句子成分及动词的种类---中考.doc

　　　 陕鼓中学高二教学案 陕鼓中学高二教学案 PAGE  3 拒绝平庸 追求卓越 拒绝平庸 追求卓越 4 装订线 课题：初高中英语语法衔接 第二课时 句子成分及动词的种类 【目标要求】 〖学习目标〗 ⒈了解并掌握句子成分 ⒉复习巩固动词的种类 〖学习重点、难点〗 ⒈如何分析句子成分 ⒉动词的种类掌握 ⒊初步运用动词的类别 【过程方法】 〖预习提要〗 ⒈给些句子让学生试着分析句子成分 She has a new friend from Australia. He takes the train every day. He is popular in school. ⒉列出部分动词让学生辨别 can do leave run look must be get 〖预习反馈〗 〖精讲释疑〗 ⒈动词的种类(Kinds of Verbs) .类别说明例句行为动词 Action Verbs表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。She has a new friend from Australia. He takes the train every day. He leaves for school at around seven.连系动词 Link Verbs不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。He is popular in school. Twins usually look the same. Trees turn green in spring.助动词 Auxiliary Verbs不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式。I don’t want to go for a drive.（否定） We are playing basketball. （进行时态） Do you like tomatoes?（疑问）情态动词 Modal Verbs不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。She can speak a little English. You should drink more water.注：行为动词可分为及物动词（The Transitive Verb,缩写为vt.）和不及物动词（The Intransitive Verb,缩写为vi.）。及物动词后面必须加宾语意义才完整。 ⒉ 句子的成分(Members of the sentence) 组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分，即：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。 句子成分意义例句主语 The Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。Gina is from Australia. Lucy is an American girl. She often goes to the movies. 谓语 The Predicate 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。We are both quiet. He has a toothache. His parents are teachers. She is going camping. 表语 The Predicative说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当，和系动词一起构成谓语。Her mother is a bank clerk. Are you ready? We are at home last night.  宾语 The Object表示动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当，和及物动词一起说明主语“做什么”。 Good food and exercise help me to study harder. He’s playing soccer. Can I ask some questions? 定语 The Attribute 用来修饰名词或代词。作定语的除形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。Peel three bananas. What’s your name, please? She’s a g