英式英语及美式英语词汇的区别.doc

英式英语和美式英语词汇的区别 1.正书法:英式英语受法语影响较大 前为英式,后为美式.例词均为英式英语形 -our/-or: colour, labour, flavour, humour,但表示动作施行者的-or英美同形 -re/-er: centre, theatre(美式英语中可表示剧场), metre -nce/-nse: defence, offence -ise, -isation/-ize, -ization: organisation, recognise,但在英国的牛津大学出版社用的是-ize -ae, -oe/-e: encyclopaedia, foetus -lled, -lling, -ller/-led, -ling, -ler: traveller, signalling -l/-ll: instalment, skilful等元音+l+辅音的情况 cheque/check:仅在表示”支票”时 grey/gray:灰色kerb/curb mould/mold:霉,霉菌 pyjamas/pajamas storey/story:层,楼层 sulphur/sulfur tyre/tire yoghurt, yogurt/yogurt 2.词汇 前为英式,中间为通用(括号中表示多用于某方),后为美式 horse riding/-/horseback riding sweets/-/candy abseil/-/rappel advert/advertisement/-:广告 -/aerial(英)/antenna:天线 aeroplane/-/airplane Alright?, Alright mate?/Hi!/What’s up? alsatian/German shepherd(美)/-:谢泼德犬 amber/yellow/-:(交通信号灯上的)黄灯 answerphone/answering machine/-:电话留言机 anticlockwise/-/counterclockwise:逆时针 aubergine/-/eggplant:茄子 arse/-/ass:屁股 -/autumn/fall:秋天 aye(苏格兰)/yeah, yes/- balaclava/-/ski mask:面罩,滑雪面罩 banger(俗)/old car/-:老爷车 banger/firecracker/-:爆竹 banger/sausage/-:英式香肠 note, banknote/banknote(美语罕用)/bill:纸币 bap/bread roll/- bap(俗)/breasts/- -/barbecue/grill:烤肉,露天烤肉 bath/bathtub/-:浴缸 bedsit/-/single room occupancy:单人房 biro/ball point pen/-:圆珠笔 bloke/guy/- boiler/-/furnace:供暖锅炉 bonnet/-/hood:汽车前盖 boot/-/trunk braces/-/suspenders:(吊带裤的)吊带 building society/-/savings and loan association bum bag/-/fanny pack:腰包 bus station, coach station/-/bus terminal:公交总站 burgle/-/burglarize:入室盗窃 campsite/-/campground:宿营地,露营场 camping pitch/-/campsite:支帐篷的地方 candy floss/-/cotton candy:棉花糖 caravan/-/travel trailer:拖挂式房车 railway carriage, carriage, coach/-/railroad car, car:客车(车厢) casualty, accident and emergency, AE/emergency department/emergency room catapult/-/slingshot:(小型)弹弓 car park/-/parking lot, parking garage cashpoint, cash machine, hole-in-the-wall/ATM:自动取(存)款机 central reservation/-/median strip:中央隔离带 canteen/-/cafeterial cinema/-/movie theater, theater:电影院 cheers/thanks/-:(语气较轻的)谢谢 chemist/pharmacy/drugstore