solid state polyselenides and polytellurides a large variety of se–se and te–te interactions固态polyselenides polytellurides多种瑟瑟和te-te交互.pdf

Molecules 2009, 14, 3115-3131; doi:10.3390/molecule OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Review Solid State Polyselenides and Polytellurides: A Large Variety of Se–Se and Te–Te Interactions Christian Graf, Abdeljalil Assoud, Oottil Mayasree and Holger Kleinke * Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: kleinke@uwaterloo.ca. Received: 7 July 2009; in revised form: 15 August 2009 / Accepted: 19 August 2009 / Published: 24 August 2009 Abstract: A large variety of different interactions between the chalcogen atoms, Q, occur in the solid state structures of polyselenides and polytellurides, including both molecular and infinite units. The simplest motifs are classical Q22– dumbbells and nonlinear Qn2– chains (n = 3, 4, 5, ..), e.g. found in alkali metal polychalcogenides. In addition, nonclassical so-called hypervalent motifs exist in the form of linear Q34– units or within larger units such as Q44– and Q54– . Infinitely extended Q units include zigzag, cis/trans and linear chains, as well as planar and slightly puckered layers. Several of those are susceptible to Peierls distortions, leading to the formation of both commensurate and incommensurate superstructures and anomalies in transport properties, including metal- nonmetal transitions. Keywords: selenium; tellurium; bon