劳动力成本上升对农业生产的影响.pdf
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山西农业科学2012 ,40 (9):1003- 1005 Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2481.2012.09.23
劳动力成本上升对农业生产的影响
殷海善,石 莎,秦作霞
(山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所,山西太原030006)
摘 要:劳动力成本上升成为影响我国国民经济的重要因素,也成为影响农业生产的主要因素。在农业劳动
力转移、农村人口迁移的背景下,农业有效劳动力供给已经大幅度减少。在农业、非农业劳动力统一市场的
背景下,劳动力价格成为农业生产的重要成本。劳动力成本上升对农产品价格、农业产业结构、土地利用、农
业生产方式有重大影响,并针对农业劳动力成本提高提出了应对措施。
关键词:劳动力成本上升;农业劳动力;农业生产
中图分类号: 文献标识码: 文章编号:
F323.6 A 1002- 2481(2012)09- 1003- 03
The Impact of Labor Costs Rising to Agricultural Production
YIN Hai- shan ,SHI Sha,QIN Zuo- xia
Institute of Agricultural Resources & Economics ,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taiyuan 030006 ,China
( )
Abstract :Labor costs increase is becoming an important factor affecting agricultural production, as so as to national econo-
my. One reason of it is agriculture labor has been greatly reducing as the consequence of transfer of agricultural labor force and ru-
ral population migration, and other reason is labor price increasing as the consequence of the united market of agriculture and
non- agricultural labor force. Labor costs increase would influence the prices of agricultural products, the industrial structure of a-
griculture, land use, agricultural production mode, etc. Finally, suggestions was proposed to cope with the increase of the agricul-
tural labor costs.
Key words :labor costs increase; agricultural labor; agricultural production mode
2004 年我国沿海城市出现用工荒事件,标 多、农业劳动力剩余的背景下,一些新现象值得
志着我国低成本劳动力阶段已经过去,高成本劳 关注。一是农村人口虽多,而农村人口中劳动力
动力时代已到来。劳动力成本上升对经济的影响 比率不高。这是因为农村总人口中有2 亿以上有
主要体现在制造业尤其是劳动密集型制造业领 活力的青壮劳动力已经成功转移到城镇,转
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