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介词的用法与练习.ppt

发布:2017-03-25约4.41千字共22页下载文档
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* 介词是一种虚词,用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系,不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语,状语,表语和宾语补足语。 介词的功能   1, The boy over there is John’s brother. (定语) 2, The girl will be back in two hours. (状语)   3, Our English teacher is from Australia. (表语)   4, Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语) 表示方位的介词:in, to, on 1.in表示在某地范围之内。 e.g. Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 2.to表示在某地范围之外。 e.g. Japan is/lies to the east of China. 3.on表示与某地相邻或接壤。 e.g. Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. l 表示地点的介词    (1) at, in, on   at一般指小地方; in一般指大地方或某个范围之内; on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。   e.g. He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.    They arrived at a small village before dark.    There is a big hole in the wall.    The teacher put up a picture on the wall.    (2) over, above, on    over表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方 above也表示位置高于某物,但不一定在正上方, on指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面。    e.g. There is a bridge over the river.     We flew above the clouds.    They put some flowers on the teacher’s desk.     3)across, through   across和through均可表示“从这一边到另一边” . across表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。 through表示动作是在三维空间进行。  e.g. The dog ran across the grass.    The boy swam across the river.    They walked through the forest.    I pushed through the crowds.    4) in front of, in the front of    in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面”, 在某个范围以外。 in the front of 表示“在……的前部”, 在某个范围以内。 e.g.  There are some tall trees in front of the building.   The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom. 表示计量的介词:at, for, by 1.at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。 e.g. It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour. I sold my car at a high price. 2.for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。 e.g. He sold his car
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