基于C51单片机的步进电机控制系统设计.doc

大连理工大学城市学院 本科生毕业设计（论文） 基于单片机的步进电机控制系统设计 总计 毕业设计（论文） 59 页 表格 4 个 插图 23 幅 摘 要 步进电机是一种将脉冲信号转换成直线位移或角位移的控制微电机，其机械角位移和转速分别与输入电机绕组的脉冲个数和脉冲频率成比例；它易于实现与计算机或其它数字元件接口，适用于数字控制系统。 步进电机还具有快速启停，精确步进和定位等特点，因而在数控机床、绘图仪、打印机以及光学仪器中应用广泛。此外，步进电机的旋转与相数、拍数、转子齿数有关。 本设计中首先介绍了步进电机的工作原理、控制特点和运行状态，然后给出了步进电机的单片机控制系统的总体设计方案。在这个控制系统中，AT89C51，其作为控制核心，担负着产生脉冲，发送、接受控制命令任务Stepper motor is a kind of micro-motors that can make the pulse signal to linear displacement or angular displacement, the mechanical angular displacement and speed of the motor winding respectively to the input pulse number and pulse frequency proportional to; it is easy to implement with a computer or other digital component interface for digital control system.  Stepper motor also has quick start and stop, step and precise positioning characteristics, which is widely used in optical instruments such as CNC machine tools, plotters, printers. In addition, the stepper motors rotation is related with the phase number, shot number and the rotor teeth.  The design introduces the working principle of stepper motor, control features and operations, and then gives the stepper motor microcontroller control system design programs. In this control system, the SCM selecting AT89C51, the control center of the shoulder produces pulses, sending, receiving control commands and other tasks; pulse distribution method using hardware from the 8713 chip control signals received resulting from the corresponding control pulse, to avoid software method to generate pulses in constant time occupied; adopt a single voltage-driven approach drive motor to drive the load operation; use of keyboard, display 8279 can be dedicated to simple hardware and less software overhead to achieve keyboard and LED display interface. Finally introduce the hardware and software implementation methods in detail. Key words: SCM; stepper motor; speed control 目 录 摘 要 I Abstract II 第一章 绪论 1 1.1步进电机概述 1 1.2