英语动词的分类及其语态和时态讲解.ppt

什么是动词？ 1. come, go, sell, buy, beat, look, dance, sing, 2. be, taste, feel, look, stay, remain, turn, become 3. do, have, 4. can, may, will, shall, might, could 动词（Verb） 在人类语言中用来表示人或物的动作或状态。 基本上每个完整的句子都离不开动词。 动词在句子当中充当谓语 及物动词 see, call, tell, protect等 实义动词 不及物动词 dance, die, listen, swim等 连系动词： be，seem，sound，turn，become等 be 动词的分类 助动词 have, has, had do（does，did） will，shall，would，should 情态动词：may，can，must，might，could等 按照动词的词义及语法功能，可将动词分为四类 She has many friends. They dance every day. Tony lost his pet dog yesterday. Students nowadays like Tfboys a lot. 实义动词是具有实际词义并能独立做谓语的动词。 按实义动词的句法作用可将其分为及物动词和不及物动词。 1.及物动词 及物动词本身意义不完整，需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。 Would you please open the window? I like this film very much. 2. 不及物动词 不及物动词自身意思完整，无需接宾语。如： Horses run fast. Mary’s father died three years ago. 系动词本身有词义，但不能单独做谓语，必须和表语一起构成谓语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征或身份。 系动词按其词义可以分为四类： 1. 状态系动词：be， 2. 感官系动词 look，seem，sound， smell，taste，feel 3. 变化系动词 become，get，turn，grow 4. 保持系动词 stay, remain, keep 例句： The quilt feels comfortable. That sounds good. Zhou Xun is a successful actress. 特点： 助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能协助主要动词（实义动词和系动词）一起构成谓语。 I am dancing. They don’t need more time. The group has helped thousands of people. Xiao Ming is beaten by his mother yesterday. 常见的助动词 be do have shall will am，is，are was，were do, does, did have, has , had should would 在助动词的协助下, 主要动词能实现八大方面的语法功能 1. 体现时态，例如 H