48个国际准音标及发音规则.doc

48个国际音标表 Vowels i: i e ? З: ? Λ u: ? ?: ? ɑ: ei ai ?i ?? a? I? e? ?? 　 Consonants 辅音 p b t d k g f v s z ? e m n ? l r h w j ∫ ? t∫ d? tr dr ts dz 英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音 元音 /ɑ:/ /?:/ /??:/ /i:/ /U:/ 短元音 /?? / / e / / ? / /Λ/ / ? / / ? / / ? / 双元音 /e?/ /a?/ /??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/ 辅音10对 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [?] [?] [t] [tr] [ t? ] 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [] [?] [dz] [dr] [ d? ] 3个鼻音 [m] [n] [?] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j] 有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 关于语音的几个概念: 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 如: it is of in on up out ant 1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceiling 2) [i]发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 3) [?] 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 58英语学习网 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any 5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world 6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [Λ] 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch