学生学籍管理系统-实验报告.doc

PAGE PAGE 8 学生学籍管理系统 目录 系统简介··························································1 需求分析··························································1 1．数据需求·······················································1 （1）数据字典···················································1 （2）数据流图···················································3 2．功能需求·······················································5 三、数据库设计························································5 1．概念结构设计···················································5 （1）局部E-R图·················································5 （2）整体的E-R图···············································6 2．逻辑结构设计···················································6 (1)E-R图转换为关系模型·········································6 （2）关系模式的优化·············································7 3．物理结构设计···················································7 （1）基本表·····················································7 （2）视图和索引·················································9 四、系统功能设计······················································9 五、系统功能实现······················································10 1．程序的运行环境·················································10 2．系统的开发环境·················································11 3．数据库的创建和链接·············································11 六、实验总结··························································11 七、参考文献··························································12 一、系统简介 学生学籍管理是教育教学单位不可缺少的部分，它的内容对教学管理和学校的决策者都非常重要。给学校教学管理提供了很大的方便性，提高了工作效率。但是一直以来人们用传统人工的方式管理文件文档，这种管理方式效率低，保密性差，出错不易更改，同时也耗费了大量的人力财力，时间一长，将产生大量的文件数据，这对于查找，维护，更新都带来了很大的困难。 随着科学技术的不断发展，尤其是计算机软件水平的日益提高，使得以上问题得到了很好的解决。使用计算机可以方便的对大量数据进行增加，删除，更新等操作。它有着人工管理永远无法比拟的优点： 检索迅速，查找方便，可靠性大，存储量大，保密性好，寿命长，成本低等。例如：通过校园网，我们可以方便的进行学生信息查询，学生成绩的添加，以及最新的教务通知等。当然，这些都离不开数据库技术和网络技术的支持。数据库是数据管理的最新技术，是计算机计算机技术的重要分支，也是计算机领域发展最快的学科之一。学生学籍管理系统就是数据库在网络上应用。 综上，开发这样的一套软件十分必要。同时旧的人工管理机制必将被以计算机为基础的信息管理所取代，从而实现对数据的高效，长久，安全的管理。 二、需求分析 1．数据需求： （1）数据字典：主要涉及到以下几个表，分别为：