语言学课后题.pdf

1.Fillintheblanks

(1)Arbitrarinessoflanguagemakesitpotentiallycreative,and

conventionalityoflanguagemakeslearningalanguagelaborious.For

learnersofaforeignlanguage,itisthisfeatureoflanguagethatismoreworth

noticingthanitsarbitrariness.(大连外院2008）

(2)Humanlanguageisarbitrary.Thisreferstothefactthatthereisnological

orintrinsicconnectionbetweenaparticularsoundandthemeaningitis

associatedwith.(人大2007）

(3)humanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobjects,eventsand

conceptswhicharenotpresentatthemomentofcommunication.Thisquality

islabeledasdisplacement.（北二外2006）

(4)Hallidayproposesatheoryofmetafunctionsoflanguage,thatis,language

hasideational,interpersonalandtextualfunctions.（中山大学2008）

(5)Ourlanguagecanbeusedtotalkaboutitself.Thisisthemetalingual(元

语言)functionoflanguage.（中山大学2005）

(6)whenlanguageisusedforestablishinganatmosphereormaintaining

socialcontactratherthanexchanginginformationorideas,itsfunctionis

phaticfunction.(北二外2005）

(7)Pragmaticscanbedefinedasthestudyoflanguageinuse.

Sociolinguistics,ontheotherhand,attemptstoshowtherelationshipbetween

languageandsociety.

(8)Descriptivegrammarsattempttotellwhatisinthelanguage,while

prescriptivegrammarstellpeoplewhatshouldbeinthelanguage.Most

contemporarylinguistsbelievethatwhateveroccursnaturallyinthelanguage

shouldbedescribed.(人大2006）

（9）Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa

Diachronic（历时）Linguisticstudy.

10.Therearetwofieldsofmorphology:thestudyofinflectionalandthe

studyofderivational.（人大2006研）

11.Aboundmorphemeisonethatcannotconstituteawordbyitself.