巷道掘进基本知识.docx

巷道掘进基本知识

目录

一、基础概念................................................4

1.巷道的定义与分类......................................5

1.1巷道的定义.........................................6

1.2巷道的分类.........................................6

2.巷道掘进的目的与意义..................................7

2.1巷道掘进的目的.....................................8

2.2巷道掘进的意义.....................................9

二、巷道掘进设备与技术.....................................10

1.巷道掘进设备的分类与选择.............................11

1.1刀盘式掘进机......................................13

1.2掘锚机............................................14

1.3耙斗式掘进机......................................15

1.4钻爆法掘进........................................17

1.5盾构机............................................18

2.巷道掘进技术.........................................19

2.1掘进工艺..........................................20

2.2巷道支护技术......................................22

2.3爆破技术..........................................23

2.4地层差异大的区域掘进技术..........................25

三、巷道掘进过程中的安全问题...............................26

1.巷道掘进过程中的安全隐患.............................27

1.1物体打击..........................................28

1.2挖掘机伤害........................................29

1.3爆破伤害..........................................30

1.4施工现场卫生与环境保护............................32

2.巷道掘进过程中的安全措施.............................33

2.1设备安全操作规程..................................34

2.2安全防护设施......................................35

2.3环境保护措施......................................36

2.4应急预案与事故处理................................37

四、巷道掘进工程的测量与监测...............................39

1.测量基础知识.........................................40

1.1高程测量..........................................41

1.2平面测量..........................................43

1.3坐标系统..........................................43

2.巷道掘进工程的测量方法...............................45

2.1井下控制测量..................................