贸易流量的构成和贸易壁垒中英文外文文献翻译.doc

本科毕业设计（论文） 中英文对照翻译 (此文档为word格式,下载后您可任意修改编辑!) 标题：The composition of trade flows and the aggregate effects of trade barriers 作者：Scott French 期刊：Journal of International Economics，卷：98，页码114-137 年份：2016 原文 The composition of trade flows and the aggregate effects of trade barriers Scott French Abstract A widely used class of quantitative trade models implicitly assumes that patterns of comparative advantage take a specific form such that they have no influence over the effect of trade barriers on aggregate trade flows and welfare. In this paper, I relax this assumption, developing a framework in which to analyze the role of interactions among countries patterns of comparative advantage in determining the aggregate effects of trade barriers. My model preserves much of the tractability of standard aggregate quantitative trade models while allowing for the effects of any pattern of comparative advantage, across many products and countries, to be taken into account. After fitting my model to product-level trade data, I find that the composition of trade flows is quantitatively important in determining the welfare gains from trade and the aggregate effects of trade barriers. A key finding is that the welfare gains from trade tend to be larger and more skewed in favor of low-income countries than an aggregate model would suggest. Keywords: Welfare, Composition, Product level, Comparative advantage，Gravity, Trade cost elasticity The workhorse quantitative models of international trade imply that the aggregate effects of trade barriers and the welfare gains from trade can be inferred from data on aggregate bilateral trade flows. Some of these models feature rich micro-level market structures, and all of them have the desirable feature that the amount of data required to make predictions regarding aggregate variables – such as income, welfare, and trade flows – is quite low. As Arkolakis et al. (2012) have shown, for a large class of such models, the welfare gains from