北京学位英语试题语法分析(三).doc
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北京学位英语试题:语法分析(三)
第五节 非谓语动词
非谓语动词分三种,即:不定式,动名词和分词。下面分三部分进行介绍。
动词不定式
动词不定式有两种,一种是带to的不定式,一种是不带to的不定式。不带to的不定式和动词原形相同,但在大多数情况下不定式都是带to的。不定式可以在句中作谓语,主语,宾语,复合宾语,定语,状语以及表语等成分。
基本形式:
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
(not) to make
(not) to be made
完成式
(not) to have made
(not) to have been made
进行式
(not) to be making
一、动词不定式的基本结构和用法 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式, 由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。
例:To talk to him is to talk to the wall. 和他讲话是对牛弹琴。
往年试题: 例(1)Good-bye , Mr. Wang. I’m pleased _____ you. A. to meet B .meeting C. to have been meeting D. to be met 答案:A(1998年57题) 例(2)Encouragement through praise is the most effective method of getting people _____ their best. A. do B. to do C. doing D. done 答案:B(1996年44题)
二、动词不定式的被动式
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的对象时(或动作的承受者时),不定式一般要用被动式。
往年试题:
例(1). The question ______ at the meeting tomorrow is very important. A. to discuss B. being discussed C. to be discussed D. will be discussed 答案:C(2004年11月34题) 例(2)We shall ask for samples _____ and then we can make our decision. A. to be sent B. being sent C. to sent D. to have been sent 答案:A(2003年4月17题) 例(3)The ability _____ is very important for any speaker. A. to hear clearly B. to be clearly heard
C. to hearing clearly D. to being clearly heard 答案:B(1999年39题)
例(4)Mr. and Mrs. Smith didn’t expect the house _____ so well. A. to be decorated B. to decorate C. be decorated D. decorating 答案:A(1995年22题) HYPERLINK vbscript:supplyplay(isupply(0))
三、动词不定式的完成式 表示不定式的动作发生在句子谓语所表示的动作之前。因此考生不但要熟练掌握动词的不定式,还要理解好句意。
例:He is said to have left Shanghai. 据说他已经离开了上海。(大家讨论时他已离开)
The president was reported to have been flying across the Atlantic.
报道说总统已经飞越了大西洋。
往年试题: 例(1)Judging from his manners at the party, he doesn’t seem _____ much education. A. to receive B. to be receiving C. to have received D. to have been received 答案:C(1997年45题)
例(2)The book is said _____ into several forei
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