Unit2Robots（Learningaboutlanguage）课件（新人教版选修7）.ppt

Learning about language; My mother felt alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple. My mother was alarmed when I had my hair coloured purple. ; Though the structure seems like a passive sentence, it is not. A passive sentence indicates a passive action while this sentence describes a situation when someone has the feeling of alarm. “alarmed” is an adjective formed by V + ed.;;Discovering useful structures Go over the passive voice 当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表 示的动作的承受者时，一般要用不定式 的被动式。不定式的被动式可以在句中 作主语、作宾语、作表语、作定语、 作状语。;1. It’s an honour to be invited to the ceremony. 2. She didn’t like to be treated as a child. 3. His dream was to be admitted to a good university. 4. There are a lot of things to be discussed. 5. She was sent there to be trained for the space flight.;注意： 感官动词和一些使役动词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to。能这样用的动词有:make, have, let, see, hear, notice, listen to, watch等。如： We often see him act like that. = He is often seen to act like that. 我们常常看到他这样做。;2) 在can’t help but, have nothing to do but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如： I can’t help (but) suspect his motive. 我不禁怀疑起他的动机。;3) 在动词want, hope, manage, offer, promise, pretend, agree, expect等之后，用不定式作宾语；另外在动词tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, forget等后，常用一个带连接代词/副词的不定式作宾语。如： We must decide whether to go or stay. 我们得决定去还是留。;不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义 不定式的逻辑主语和逻辑宾语都出现在不定式前面，只能用主动形式；若在句中找不到不定式的逻辑主语，则用不定的被动形式。如： Do you have anything to wash today? (to wash的主语为句子的主语you，其逻辑宾语为anything。) 你今天要洗什么吗？;Do you have anything to be washed? (to be washed不是you做，而是由“我”或其他人来做) 你有什么要其他人洗的吗？;在There be/ seem…+主语+to do表示存在的句型中的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义（也就是说，我们可能会见到被动形式，但主动形式要好得多）。 There’s not enough food to eat. (The food is eaten.) 没有足够的食物吃。;There’s no chair to sit on. (The chair is sat on.) 没有椅子坐。 但在下列句子中，只能用主动形式。如： There’s not enough food for us to eat. 我们没有足够的食物吃。;3. 在形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy, difficult, important, impossible等