4.第四章 中国的教育.pptx

第四章 中国的教育 Chinese Education;01. ; 科举是通过考试选拔官吏的制度，由于采用分科取士的办法，所以叫作科举。科举制度是中国历史上用于选拔人才延续时间最长的制度。从隋炀帝大业元年（605 年）进士科的创设，到清光绪三十一年（1905 年）废除科举，科举制在中国历史上存在 1300 年之久。 The Imperial Civil Examination System is an examination system with the purpose of selecting civil servants based on the subjects. The Imperial Civil Examination System is the longest-term system used to select talents in Chinese history, originating from the Chin_x0002_shih system in A.D 605 during the reign of Emperor Yang of Sui. In that system, successful candidates would be admitted to the public servant division of the country. The system was abolished by Emperor Guangxu in 1905, and it lasted for 1300 years.;应天书院 Yingtian Academy ;白鹿洞书院 Bailudong Academy ; 义务教育又称免费教育，是根据宪法规定，适龄儿童和青少年都必须接受，国家、社会、家庭必须予以保证的国民教育。义务教育具有强制性、免费性、普及性的基本特点。实施九年义务教育，就是适龄儿童、少年开始接受教育的九年不收学费、杂费。九年义务教育制度是我国现行的教育制度。 Compulsory education, also known as free education, is a national education that must be accepted by school-age children and adolescents according to the constitution, and must be guaranteed by the state, society and family. Compulsory education has the basic characteristics of compulsory, free and universal. The implementation of nine-year compulsory education means that school-age children and adolescents will not pay tuition fees and miscellaneous fees for nine years. The current education system in China is the nine-year compulsory education system.; 高考，一般指高等教育入学考试，现有普通高校招生考试、自学考试和成人高考三种形式。是一种相对公正、公平、公开的人才选拔形式。高考是考生选择大学和进入大学的资格标准，也是国家教育考试之一。每年6月7日、6月8日为考试日，部分省区高考时间为3天。 “Gaokao”, the college entrance examination for China’s high school students.generally refers to the entrance examination for higher education, and there are three forms of admission examinations for colleges and universities: national college entrance examination and self-study exams and the national higher education exams for self taught adults. It is a relatively fair, equitable and open method of talent selection. The c