动词过去变化规则.doc

动词过去式和过去分词规则变化  1 一般情况加ed,例如want –wanted 2以 e结尾的动词, 直接加d: smile--smiled; hope--hoped. 3 重度闭音节双写词尾加ed一个元音 加一个辅音字母结尾的动词:(1) 对单音节 单词,双写最后一个辅音字母加ed.例如stopped; planned; (2) 对双音节 单词,如果重读在第二个音节处,双写词尾辅音字母加ed. 如: preferred(重读在fer前); admitted(重读在mit前); referred; deferred;4 辅音+y结尾动词,y变i加ed: worried;studied. 动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化 ⒈ A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）三一同形 动词原形（现在式） 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读[ ] hurt hurt hurt 伤 ⒉ A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）现过同形 beat beat beaten 打 ⒊ A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）现分同形 come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 ⒋ A ---B ---B型 过分同形 ⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 ⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 ⑶其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 fight fought fought 战斗 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 feel felt felt 觉得 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 ⒌ A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）三三不同 ⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 拉，绘画 show showed shown 展示 ⑵过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。 speak spoke spok