基于声阵列的波束形成技术研究信号与信息处理专业论文.docx

中北大学学位论文 中北大学学位论文 Beam-forming Technology Research Based on Acoustic Array Abstract Beam-forming technology based on acoustic array has important application in Sonar system, acoustic imaging system and under water weapon test system. This paper focuses on beamforming technology research about acoustic array. Through the use of acoustic aperture theory, linear aperture beamforming is analyzed; On the basis of further study about linear array beamforming relations between array element number, spacing and frequency, beam scanning and array focusing of the line array are simulated; The impact of tiny disturbance of working frequency on array beamforming is analyzed. The impact of tiny disturbance of position about a single sensor in the array on array beamforming is mainly discussed. Diagram about relationship between Phase-array element with the sensor phase compensation and the horizontal disturbance and vertical perturbation is obtained. According to the important influence about relative position accuracy between array and detected target, methods about time-delay estimation is studied by using beam forming and array focusing about acoustic array. Time-delay estimation based on second correlation and time-delay estimation based on HTT are proposed in strong noisy environment. Effectiveness of the time-delay estimation methods are verified by experiment. Based on these studies, experiment simulation about energy synthesis of distributed explosive array on the base of array node localization is completed. Key words: Acoustic array, Beam-forming, Time-delay estimation, Energy synthesis I I 目 录 1 绪论 1. 1 课题的背景、目的和意义 1 1. 2 国内外研究现状、发展动态 2 1. 2. 1 阵列信号处理的发展史及研究现状 2 1. 2. 2 波束形成技术的发展及其研究现状 3 1. 2. 3 时延估计的发展及其研究现状4 1. 3 本文所做的工作6 2 测试系统及传感器的动态标定 2. 1 声阵列系统总体方案8 2. 1. 1 声传感器阵列9 2. 1. 2 声阵列系统前置处理系统9 2. 1. 3 声阵列系统 A/ D 采样存储 10 2. 2 声阵列系统传感器的标定 10 2. 2. 1 压力传感器的传统动态标定方法 11 2. 2. 2 压力传感器簇的动态标定方法 12 2. 3 本章小结 20 3