名词性从句之宾语从句和表语从句.pptx

;什么是宾语？; I know him . 2. I know who he is . ; 宾语从句三要素;一、连接词（引导词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定句），连词由that引导，因为that在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略;宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下 不能省略： （1）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省； （2）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。 （3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.;2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导， “是否”，不能省略;a.当有or not时就用whether,不用if. I don’t know whether or not I will stay. b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.;Practice time;3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what, who, whom, which；whose； when, where, how, why等）引导，因为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略;二、时态 1. 如果主句是现在的时态 ，从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）;2.如果主句是过去的时态，那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时， 过去完成时）;3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。;The teacher told me she ____ (be) born in 1960. I heard that she ____ (go) to Paris last night.;1. Mike insisted that we _________________ (be)late for school. 2. The doctor ordered that she _____________ ( stay) in bed for a few days.;注意： 在下列动词接that从句中用 “should+动原” ;三、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 主句＋连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分;1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library . ; What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? What happened? ;否定的转移; 注意：这类句子后若带有附加疑问句，应采用肯定形式来后问，后问部分应于从句主语一致。 I don’t believe she know it, does she?; 1.We wonder how we shall do next. 2.Could you tell me where are they having a picnic? 3.I am sorry that I don’t know you want to take part in the competition.;4.I didn’t know that you will come. 5.He said that he is writing a story. 6.Could you tell me when will he arrive? 7.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.;Exercise: multical-choice 1.I don’t know____ we can live on the island without food.