西方经济学名词解释-英文版.doc

西方经济学名词解释-英文版

西方经继续名词解释英文版

第一章

Macroeconomics宏观经济学

Thestudyoftheoverallaspectsandworkingsofanationaleconomy,suchasincome,output,andtheinterrelationshipamongdiverseeconomicsectors.研究国民收入的各方面。

Microeconomics微观经济学

Thestudyoftheoperationsofthecomponentsofanationaleconomy,suchasindividualfirms,households,andconsumers.

研究经济中单个因素行为的分析。

GDP国生产总值(GrossDomesticProduct)

Thetotalmarketvalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthebordersofanationduringaspecifiedperiod.

一国国民在各行业中一年生产的最终产品和最终服务价值总和。Itisoftenseenasanindicatorofthestandardoflivinginacountry.GrossDomesticProduct＝consumption+investmentgoods+governmentpurchases+netexports

EconomicGrowth经济增长

steadygrowthintheproductivecapacityoftheeconomy(andsoagrowthofnationalincome)

RealEconomicGrowthRate实际经济增长率

Ameasureofeconomicgrowthfromoneperiodtoanotherexpressedasapercentageandadjustedforinflation(i.e.expressedinrealasopposedtonominalterms).Therealeconomicgrowthrateisameasureoftherateofchangethatanationsgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)experiencesfromoneyeartoanother.Grossnationalproduct(GNP)canalsobeusedifanationseconomyisheavilydependentonforeignearnings.Therealeconomicgrowthratebuildsontotheeconomicgrowthratebytakingintoaccounttheeffectthatinflationhasontheeconomy.Therealeconomicgrowthrateisaconstantdollarandthereforeamoreaccuratelookattherateofeconomicgrowthbecausetherealrateisnotdistortedbytheeffectsofextremeinflationordeflation.

GDPdeflatorGDP指数

IneconomicstheGDPdeflator(implicitpricedeflatorforGDP)isameasureofthechangeinpricesofallnew,domesticallyproduced,finalgoodsandservicesinaneconomy.GDPstandsforgrossdomesticproductthetotalvalueofallgoodsandservicesproducedwithinthateconomyduringaspecifiedperiod.

NominalGDP名义GDP

Agrossdomesti