2013年秋季初一尖端班讲义2--Grammar--情态动词.doc

2013年秋季初一英语尖端班第2讲—Grammar---情态动词 定义：表示说话人的情绪态度 原则: 1）不能单独使用,后接动词原形2）没有人称和数的变化3）否定在后面直接加not 常见情态动词：can, may, must, need, should, shall, had better 委婉请求 May I come in? Might I borrow some money? Can I help you? Could I ask you some questions? may: 疑问句表示委婉请求 might:表示更加委婉的语气 can: 疑问句表示委婉请求 could:表示更加委婉的语气 表能力 can 现在将来能 could 过去能 be able to 能够--人称,时态数 I can swim I am able to swim. He could swim when he was young. The disabled man was able to run away when it was on fire. 命令禁止 He is my best friend, so I must help him. He has to get to school before 8 o’clock. We mustn’t sleep in class. We don’t have to arrive so early. must 必须,一定,主管看法 have to 不得不,客观需要, had to/客观条件 mustn’t 禁止,不准 don’t’ have to don’t need to needn’t 没必要 表推测 must be 肯定是 can’t be 肯定不是 may 可能 大 might 可能 小 给建议 肯定:should ought to had better 否定:shouldn’t/ oughtn’t to/had better not 情实共存 I needn’t help her do her homework. She needs to do hers by herself. need/ dare 情态动词 肯定 否定 need do/dare do needn’t do/daren’t do 实意动词 肯定 否定 need to do/dare to do don’t need to do/ don’t dare to do 肯否不一 1. ---Can/Could/May/Might I borrow some money ---Yes, you can/may. ---No, you can’t/mustn’t. 2. ---Must/Need I do my homework now ---Yes, you must. ---No, you needn’t/don’t’ have to/don’t need to. 3. ---Would you like to dance with me ----Yes, I’d like/love to./ Yes, please. ----No, thanks. 表建议 Would you like to do sth? Would you mind not doing sth? Would you please do sth? Shall we do sth? Why not/Why don’t you do sth 无三单变化 后加do 否定直接加not 有三单变化 后加to do 否定用助动词