形容词和副词的比较级和最高级以及练习题.doc
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形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
重点: 1、了解形容词、副词比较级以及最高级的构成规则;
2、了解形容词、副词比较等级的用法。6
精讲部分
一. 形容词和副词在使用时都有三个级别:原级、比较级、最高级。
例:(small smaller smallest) (tall taller tallest) (hard harder hardest)
比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种
1.规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词,在词尾加-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级。
多音节词,原级前加more,most构成比较级和最高级
构成法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词
一般单音节词尾加-er,-es
tall
great
strong
taller
greater
stronger
tallest
greatest
strongest
以不发音的e结尾的单音词,只加-r,-st
nice
large
late
nicer
larger
later
nicest
largest
latest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er,-est
big
hot
fat
bigger
hotter
fatter
biggest
hottest
fattest
双音节词
以辅音字母+ y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est
easy
busy
early
easier
busier
earlier
easiest
busiest
earliest
多音节词、以ly结尾的副词、ed\ing形容词
在原级前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级
important
beautiful
Happily
excited
more important
more beautiful
more happily
More excited
most important
most beautiful
most happily
most excited
2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
good
well
better
best
bad
ill
worse
worst
Old
older
oldest
much, many
more
most
Little
less
least
Far
farther / further
farthest / furthest
二. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1.as + 原级 + as 表示“与 …… 一样”
The painting is as beautiful as that one.这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮。(形容词)
He sings as well as his teacher. 他唱得和他的老师一样好。(副词)
注意:在否定句中可用 not as(so) + 原级 + as 与……不一样,不及……
例: It is not as (so) cold in Shanghai as in Beijing in winter.
冬天上海的天气没北京的天气冷。(形容词)
The girl doesn’t run as quickly as the boy. ;女孩跑得不如男孩快。(副词)
2.比较级 + than 表示 “ … 比 … 更 …”
This hotel is cheaper than that one across the street.这家宾馆比街对面那家更便宜。(形容词)
It is quicker to take a underground than to take a bus.坐地铁比坐公交车快。
Mary writes more carefully than Tom. Mary 写得比Tom 更认真。(副词)
3.比较级 + 比较级 表示:”越来越…”
It is getting colder and colder these days.这些天天气越来越冷。(形容词)
The bus is more and more crowded.公交车上越来越挤。(形容词)
The people are living more and more happily人们生活得越来越幸福(副词)
4. The +比较级, the +比较级 表示“越,越。”
The more, the better.
5.the + 最高级 + 比较范围 表示 “(三者或三者以上) 最……”
Of all the four brothers he is the cleverest.在四个兄弟中,他是最聪明的。
He
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