词和副词比较等级形容词和副词比较等级.doc
文本预览下载声明
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则 1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est; (1)单音节词 如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest (2)双音节词 如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest 2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st; 如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest 3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est; 如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest 5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most; 如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful different→more different→most different easily→more easily→most easily 6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 如:good→better→best well→better→best bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1.“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。 如:This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。 注意: 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。 在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。 如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。 2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……” 如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。 It is getting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越凉爽。 The wind became more and more heavily. 风变得越来越大。 Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。 4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。 The more money you make, the more you spend. 钱你赚得越多,花得越多。 The sooner,the better. 越快越好。 5. 表示倍数的比较级用法: . A is …times the size /height/length/width of B. 如:The new building is three times the height of the old one. . A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B. 如:Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍) . A is …times larger /higher/longer
显示全部