Introduction to Basic Hematology-瑞金医院课件.ppt

Introduction to Basic Hematology Instructor: HU Yiqun, MD School of Medicine,Jiaotong University Nov, 2006 血液学研究内容 原发于造血组织的疾病 全身疾病对血液系统的影响 疾病的发生发展转归与早期诊断 疾病的治疗与病因学 疾病诊断治疗与循证医学 血液学的发展里程 显微镜的发明 病理解剖的开展 临床血液学的建立/WINTROBE/邓家栋/朱益栋 凝血因子与基础研究 基因蛋白组学与实验血液学 Hematology 包含 基础血液学 临床血液学 实验血液学 血液学检验 系统血液学 Introduction to Basic Hematology (cont’d) Department of Hematology Study of formed elements of blood and blood forming tissues Screen, diagnosis and monitor hematologic diseases (anemias, leukemias,bleeding and thrombotic events, etc.) and also give a general idea of overall health Review of circulatory system Introduction to Basic Hematology (cont’d) Composition of Blood - blood is 6-8% of total body weight and equals approximately 5 liters Serum vs Plasma – Both are fluid portions of blood Serum is from clotted blood, has no clotting factors (used up in the clotting process) Plasma is from anticoagulated blood, has clotting factors, makes up about 45-60% of blood’s volume Introduction to Basic Hematology (cont’d) Cellular Elements – make up the remainder of the blood volume Erythrocytes / RBCs ~ 4-6 million/μL Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide Leukocytes / WBCs ~ 4,800-10,800 /μL in circulating blood; many more in tissues Function in immunity and defense against bacteria, viruses and all other foreign materials (includes allergens like pollen, etc.) Introduction to Basic Hematology (cont’d) Types of WBCs: Granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils) Lymphocytes Monocytes Platelets / Thrombocytes Pieces of a bone marrow cell known as a megakaryocyte Function to blood bleeding by forming a plug and also releasing coagulation factors Introduction to Basic Hematology (cont’d) Formation of Blood and Origin of Blood Cells - hematopoiesis In adults, blood is formed in bone marrow from primitive stem cells Lymphocytes are also formed in the spleen and lymph nodes Specimens for Hematology Tests Skin punctures Whole anticoagulated blood (EDTA) Introduct