新概念英语第四册第五单元课文语法.doc

新概念英语第四册第五单元语法 Lesson 5 Youth 青年 People are always talking about ‘the problem of youth’. If there is one—which I take leave to doubt--then it is older people who create it, not the young themselves. Let us get down to fundamentals and agree that the young are after all human beings--people just like their elders. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and the old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is. When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and uncertain--that I was a new boy in a huge school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the things the young are busily engaged in seeking. I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have not a dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love of comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things. All this seems to me to link them with life, and the origins of things. Its as if they were in some sense cosmic beings in violent an lovely contrast with us suburban creatures. All that is in my mind when I meet a young person. He may be conceited, ill-mannered, presumptuous of fatuous, but I do not turn for protection to dreary cliches about respect for elders--as if mere age were a reason for respect. I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with him, as an equal, if I think he is wrong. (NCE Book Four) Classroom（compound） decision (derivation) shift （） 上面每组句子表达的意思相同，但使用词汇转用的句子在表达功能上明显简洁而生动，更能吸引读者的注意力。下面我们看看几种常见易学的词类转换。 名词转化成动词 名词转换为动词是现代英语中极为普遍的现象,也是转换法中构词能力最强的方法之一,因此由名词转换为动词的数量最多，在现代英语中，名词的数量远远超过动词。 The books are shelved in alphabetical order. 这些书按字母顺序排列在书架上。 The trees fruit in November. 果树在11月份结果。 Queue up for a bus. 排队等公共汽车。 She is ready to shop with her mother. 她准备和她妈妈一起去购物。 She models for an art school