《儿科学精品教学资料》5 儿童呼吸系统感染性疾病课件.ppt

Cardiotonic Sedative diuresis oxygen supply Treatment of severe pneumonia Heart failure Respiratory Failure Toxic encephacopathy Suctioning Oxygen supply Intubation Artificial respirator anti-infection oxygen supply correction of acidosis Fever, cough, tachypnea and fine rales are four major features. Circulatory, neurological and digestive involvement are present in severe cases . Diagnosis mainly depends on clinical manifestations and X-ray exam. Disease types and severity are determined according to the symptoms, signs and auxiliary examination. ?? Comprehensive treatment should be emphasized. Antibiotics are choose according to different pathogens. Pay attention to the importance of symptomatic therapy, supporting therapy and nursing. Summary THANKS. Each year, respiratory infection diseases cause about 15 million deaths among children younger than age 5 year through the world. Pediatric pulmonary infection accounts for about 63.89% of all hospitalizations of children, in which 44.6 percent are pneumonia. Etiology Aspiration of food or gastric acid Foreign bodies Others Infectious factors Noninfectious factors Most cases are caused by microorganisms. Bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Pseudomonas pyocyanea Respiratory syncytial viruses Adenovirus Influenza Parainfluenza Chlamydia pneumoniae Mycoplasma pneumoniae Viruses Others Age Underlying Diseases Environment Predisposing Factors More often in infants Malnutrition Congenital heart diseases Immunodeficiency diseases wetness, stuffiness and crowding Hyperemia, edema and inflammatory infiltration of lung tissues Alveolar exudate Patchy Inflammation focus and consolidation Atelectasis and emphysema of lung Pathology Fever Clinical Manifestation Cough Tachypnea Rales ‘ 4 Features ‘ Water-Electrolyte Balance Mixed acidosis Dehydration Hyponatremia Circulatory system Myocarditis Heart failure Microcirculation disturbance Nervous system Intra