《《Energy Efficiency Analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverter with》.pdf
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Energy Efficiency Analysis of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverter with
Storage Battery
1,2 1 2
Chee Lim Nge , Ole-Morten Midtgård , Lars Norum
1
UNIVERSITY OF AGDER
4876 Grimstad, Norway
2
NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
7491 Trondheim, Norway
E-Mail: chee.l.nge@uia.no
Acknowledgements
The research underlying this paper was supported by Research Council of Norway and Elkem Solar.
The authors are grateful for the PV outdoor measurement data shared by Georgi Hristov Yordanov.
Keywords
Photovoltaic, Energy Storage, Efficiency.
Abstract
PV is an intermittent renewable power source. Grid-connected PV inverters conventionally use grid as
the energy reservoir. As the level of PV penetration increases substantially in recent years, battery is
proposed as the energy storage in grid-connected PV system. This is to increase on-site consumption,
which in turn avoids grid voltage rise and reduces the loss in transmission line. Additionally, it allows
PV inverter to dispatch power similar to the conventional power generations. This paper analyzes the
overall efficiency of grid-connected PV inverter with storage battery using system level regression
models. The analysis postulates nonlinear relation between the total power loss and the battery
charging. Voltage droop battery charge controller that simplifies the efficiency optimization is
developed based on the regression models. The analysis and the controller are verified by the
component level power loss calculations. The controller is compared in simulation to the conventional
constant-current/cons
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