元好问的“纪乱诗”.doc

元好问的“纪乱诗” 学生：xx 指导教师：朱玉老师 淮南师范学院中文系 摘要：元好问是金代最重要的诗人，他生逢金代后期的动乱时代，亲身经历了亡国的惨痛，个人的遭遇与民族，国家的命运息息相关，他的诗歌生动地展示了金、元易代之际的历史画卷。并且在这历史画卷中创造了具有极高思想价值和艺术成就的纪乱诗。元好问的纪乱诗包括了抗元爱国的沉郁诗、抨击金统治者的悲愤诗以及哀叹金朝丧亡的忧伤诗。沉郁的风格贯穿始终，融入其特有的英豪之气及忧国忧民的高尚情怀，使其“纪乱诗”具有震撼人心的悲剧美学意蕴。 Abstract: Yuan Haowen is the most important poet in the Jin dynastsy. He came across the messy society in the last times of Jin. Experiencing the pain of the perish of the state. One’s encounter has the close relation with the destiny of the nation and county. Yuan’s poetry display the history outlook of the times between the Jin and Yuan lively .he created the poems that dicpict the disorder society. They have the high thought value and artistic success. these poems include the depressed poems, which resist Yuan and express the feelings of patriotic. They also include the grief and indignation poems that attack the rulers. Besides they have the sorrow poems that sigh for the perish of Jin. The poetry penetrate the style of depressed from the deginning to the end. They appear peculiar vigorous and noble sentiment that worry for the country and people. These characteristic make his poetry have the tragic artistic meaning, which shake people’s feelings. 关键字:金末元初 ; 元好问 ; 纪乱诗 ; 沉郁 ; 忧国忧民 Key Words: the times between the Jin and Yuan dynasty; Yuan HaoWen; the poems that dicpict the disorder times; depressed; worries for the nation and people 元好问是我国文学史上名冠金、元两代诗坛的一颗巨星。 元好问（1190—1257）字裕之，太原秀容（今山西忻州市）人。他曾在遗山（山西定襄县城北十八里）读过书，自号遗山山人，他出身于一个书香之家。远祖元结，是唐代著名诗人。生父元德明，喜爱杜诗，退崇苏黄，累举不第，放浪山水之间，著有《东岩集》，使元好问从小就受到熏陶。他七岁能作诗，人称“神童”。十一岁在冀州得到金代古文学家路铎的指教。十四岁拜在陵川赫天挺门下就读。在赫天挺的师导下，他肆意经传，贯串百家，日日课诗，打下了学问的基础，树立了“读书不为世艺文，选官不为养利”的经世济民的抱负。少年的元好问，还曾跟随当县令的叔父元格游宦山西、山东、甘肃、陕西等地，饱览了各地的名山大川，增长了不少的阅历见识，为此后的诗歌创作打下了坚实的基础。 一位伟大的作家，除了要有深厚的文化功底，还与当时的时代有着密切的联系。元好问是时代造就的作家，他那字字珠玑般的诗篇，是时代的产物。元好问的一生，正处在金朝由兴盛走向衰亡的历史时期。十三世纪初，原居温都尔汗一带的蒙古贵族崛起，大举对金进行侵犯，迅速攻占了金人的中都（今北京市），随即占据了河北、山东、河东、关中等地，最后攻陷了汴京、蔡州，金源王朝终遭覆亡。“乡闾丧乱，触目异平素”(元好问《九日读书山用陶诗露凄暄风息气清天旷明为韵诗十诗》)元好问经历