大学英语语法之动词 Verbs.ppt

English Grammar Verbs classification forms features practice 1 2 auxiliary verb verb used with notional verbs to show tense, voice, or emphatic mood, and to form a question or negative statement; ＊ meaningless itself; ＊ can’t be used as V. alone Usage of aux. v. 1. to form negative V. I don’t like your hat. 2. to form a question Do you like my hat? Usage of aux. v. 3. to form inversion Never did I expect to see him. 4. to replace mentioned verb to avoid repetition Do you like English? Yes, I do. modal verb verb used with notional verbs to indicate speaker’s feelings and attitudes, i.e. to express possibility, permission, obligation, etc. modal verb ＊incomplete meaning; ＊can’t be used as V. alone; ＊must be followed by infinitive form of verb; ＊no person and number changes; ＊some have past tense can could may might must shall should will would need dare ought to Usage of modal v. to indicate speaker’s tone and attitude 2. for subjunctive mood 虚拟语气 3. for speculation 推测 might, may, could, can, must 情v.+v.原→ 对现在状态或经常动作推测 情v.+be doing → 对此时此刻发生的动作行为推测 情v.+have done/have been doing → 对过去发生的事情进行推测 must的否定推测→can’t / couldn’t She must be studying in the classroom now. She must have been working then. She may/might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw her. You must be very tired, aren’t you? You must have seen the film, haven’t you? You must have seen the film last week, didn’t you? You must have known him before you wrote to him, hadnt you? It must have snowed last night, ________? The old man must be our headmaster, ________? Mary must have finished reading the novel now, ________? ☆各种虚拟句 ☆表示轻微责备or遗憾 情态v. (not) + have done “本应…（而实际却没…）” “本不该/必…（而实际却…）” was/were to + have (been) done “过去计划中要做某事，实际上没做” 区别: “shouldn’t + have done” 表示过去本不该做的事情 实际上却做了 “needn’t + have done” 表示过去本不必做的事情 实际上却做了 They shouldn’t have left so early. You needn’t have bought it. You