工作满意度指标及其相关因素的外文翻译1资料.doc

外文翻译 Job Satisfaction Indicators and Their Correlates Material Source:American Behavioral scientist Author: Stanley E. Seashore Conceptions of job satisfaction until very recently have been largely psychological and individualistic in orientation. Empirical studies have been confined to local situations or special populations with interpretive purposes reflecting the values of employed individuals or of their managers. However, if job satisfaction measures are to be useful in monitoring the quality of employment on a societal scale, it will be necessary to enlarge the perspective, to invoke some societal and political values, and to begin to treat job satisfaction in the context of a larger array of associated variables. The measurement of job satisfaction as a social indicator may have three roles: (1) to represent a valued product of society-a component of the psychological GNP; (2) to provide a monitoring and diagnostic aid for’ early warning of societal dislocations, policy or program failure, and slowly developing societal changes; and (3) to provide a significant component in the theories and models to be used in the formulation of social policy and programs. Opinions differ on how prominent and how effective job satisfaction measures will be in these three roles. The utility of job satisfaction measures rests on the development of multiple measurement methods that are standardized, suitable for wide use, and capable of detecting population differences and population changes. In addition, the utility rests upon these measures having an agreed conceptual and “real world” reference as well as a known matrix of causal and consequential relationships to other significant variables. Both requirements must be met before convincing proof can be advanced as to the practical utility of job satisfaction measures for anticipating, understanding, and influencing future outcomes of present societal conditions. These themes provide the s