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高中英语语法威权解析一名词性从句(附练习题).doc

发布:2017-03-03约8.68千字共5页下载文档
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在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一. 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况: (1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. 错误表达:That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达:That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达:Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? 错误表达:Is that will rain in the evening likely? 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。例如: a) What you said yesterday is right. b) That she is still alive is a consolation 二.宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。 1. 作动词的宾语 (1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如:I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 (2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如: a) She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么。 b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。 (3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如: She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她对我说她会接受我的邀请。 2. 作介词的宾语,例如: Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。 3. 作形容词的宾语,例如:I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误 注意:that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语:anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。 4. it 可以作为形式宾语 it 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如: We heard it that she would get married n
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