精密深孔加工扭振装置毕业论文设计(全套cad图).doc

精密深孔加工扭振装置 摘 要 振动钻削是振动切削的一个分支,它与普通钻削的区别在于钻孔过程中通过振动装置使钻头与工件之间产生可控的相对运动。振动方式主要有三种,即轴向振动(振动方向与钻头轴线方向相同)、扭转振动(振动方向与钻头旋转方向相同)和复合振动(轴向振动与扭转振动迭加)。其中,轴向振动易于实现,工艺效果良好,在振动钻削中占主导地位。振动的激励方式主要有超声波振动、机械振动、液压振动和电磁振动。其中,超声波振动的频率通常在16ｋＨｚ以上,所以也称为高频振动钻削;其它三种振动方式的频率一般为几百赫兹,故称为低频振动钻削。振动钻削改变了传统钻削的切削机理。在振动钻削过程中,当主切削刃与工件不分离(不分离型振动钻削)时,切削速度、切削方向等参数产生周期性变化;当主切削刃与工件时切时离(分离型振动钻削)时,切削过程变成脉冲式的断续切削。当振动参数(振动频率和振幅)、进给量、主轴转速等选择合理时,可明显提高钻入定位精度及孔的尺寸精度、圆度和表面质量,减小出口毛刺,降低切削力和切削温度,延长钻头寿命。振动钻削良好的工艺效果已引起国内外研究者的普遍关注。 关键词：振动钻削；电机；带传动；偏心轴；主轴 ABSTRACT Vibration drilling is a branch of vibratory cutting, and it is the difference between ordinary drilling borehole process through the vibrating device bit with workpiece occurs between the relative motion of controllable. There are three main vibration mode, namely axial vibration (vibration direction and drill axis torsional vibration (same), with bits direction of vibration rotation direction the same) and complex vibration (axial vibration and torsional vibration superposition). Among them, the axial vibration easy to realize and good results, in process of vibration drilling dominant. The incentive ways mainly have the vibration ultrasonic vibration, mechanical vibration, hydraulic vibration and electromagnetic vibration. Among them, the ultrasonic vibration frequency usually 16kHz above, so in high frequency vibration drilling, also called; The other three vibration mode frequency general for hundreds of Hertz so called the low frequency vibration drilling. Vibration drilling has changed the traditional drilling cutting mechanism. In vibration drilling process, when the main cutting edge with workpiece are not isolated (not separated type vibration drilling), cutting speed, cutting parameters such as periodic changes direction produced; When the Lord when the cutting edges and workpiece when separated type cut from (vibration drilling), cutting process into pulsing concentres cutting. When the vibration parame