名词复数的不规则变化.doc

名词复数的不规则变化： 1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。 如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形 如： sheep(绵羊); fish(但fishes表种类); Chinese(中国人); Japanese(日本人);Swiss(瑞士人); li(里); jin(斤); yuan(元); mu(亩); li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters deer(鹿);??? 1). Some deer are eating grass at the bottom of the hill. ???2). Every possible means has been tried, but none has worked. ???3). All possible means have been tried, but none has worked. 4). a dollar, two dollars;　 a meter, two meters 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people(人们)，a police(警察)，a cattle(牛)，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle 或 two people(persons); three police(policemen); four cattle(head of cattle)。the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。 如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 (1) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词有些集体名词,如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词,随后的动词用单数.例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China.)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词集体名词,如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等,既可作单数,也可作复数用.The city council is meeting to set its agenda.)a committee,etc. of +复数名词如果主语是由a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词构成,随后的动词通常用单数.例如:A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.英语单位词和名词搭配 1. 一般性的表示个数的量词: 这一组中主要有piece, bit, item, article 等词,但piece具有独特的地位,在使用其他词的地方一般都可使用piece 代替之.比如: piece a piece of meat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery, etc. 一片肉/一张纸/一片面包/一首曲子/一条信息/一件家具/一台机器等 bit a bit of news/wood/advice/trouble, etc. 一条消息/一块木头/一条建议/一件麻烦事等 item an item of news/crime/program/business, etc. 一条新闻/一宗罪行/一个项目/一笔生意等 article an article of export/ furniture/ clothing/ luggage, etc. 一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等 2. 以形状表示个数的量