我国居民消费需求的制约因素与对策研究 .doc

- PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT I- 我国居民消费需求的制约因素与对策研究 摘 要 投资需求和消费需求是拉动经济增长的主要力量，伴随着我国经济的高速增长与社会制度的逐步改变，我国当前正处在向消费型国家过渡的时期，消费需求逐步成为拉动我国经济增长的主要制约因素。然而由于改革开放进程的加深，制度效应释放趋于结束，经济体制深层次的矛盾尚未解决，针对这一问题，国家做出要继续坚持扩大内需，努力扩大消费需求的重要部署。从消费构成来看，我国居民消费需求占总消费需求比重的主导地位。并且自2000年以来，我国居民的消费比重出现了明显的下降。因此，我国扩大消费需求主要是扩大居民消费需求。 本文主要运用调查法和文献分析法对我国消费结构及现状分析，从而得出当前制约我国居民消费需求的主要因素有收入差距过大，收入增长缓慢，有效供给不足，社会保障体系不尽完善等。进而通过对国外刺激消费方式的借鉴，并结合我国实际国情提出了相应的提高收入，改善居民消费环境，增加有效供给，建立健全的社保体系等扩大内需扩大消费的一些政策性建议。 关键词　消费需求；制约因素；对策 The Study of the Current Situation, Restricted Factors and the Countermeasures of the Residents Consumer Demand Abstract With the rapid economic growth, gradually changing the social system, Chinas current state is in transition to the consumer during the consumer demand to gradually become the main factor restricting economic growth. However, due to effects of reform and opening up the system, the release of the end of deep-seated contradictions in the economic system has not yet resolved the issue for the country to make to continue to adhere to expand domestic demand, the importance of efforts to expand the deployment of consumer demand. Form from the consumer perspective, consumer demand in China the proportion of the total dominance of consumer demand. Therefore, expansion of consumer demand in China is mainly to expand consumption demand. This article mainly through the consumption structure and status quo of China, concluded at restricting Chinas consumption demand of the main factors that income inequality is too large, effective supply shortage, the social security system, not the perfect. And by way of reference to stimulate consumption abroad, combined with the actual conditions of China put forward the corresponding increase incomes and improve the supply structure, establish a sound social security system, and expand domestic demand to expand the consumption of a number of policy recommendations. Keywords　 consuming demand；Restricting factors； countermeasure 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u