黄华毕业论文 终稿.doc

摘要 本设计是年产25万吨硫磺制酸焚硫工段工艺设计。整个设计是由设计正文和工艺流程图构成，以硫磺为原料生产硫酸，大大简化了工艺过程，节省投资费用，且产品质量高。描述了硫酸一些性质以及制酸过程的反应原理,对焚硫、转化、吸收三个工段以及整个工艺流程做了阐述。重点分析了焚硫和吸收工段的各个工艺指标，工艺条件。对焚硫工段的焚硫炉,转化化工段的转化器和换热器这三个设备做了宏观的设备选型，并且对焚硫炉和转化器做了物料的衡算。为了使设计更加合理与完善,在设计中还解决了废水的处理问题。 关键词：硫酸；硫磺制酸；焚硫炉；转化器 Abstract This designs are the burning sulfur section process of sulphuric acid project inoutput of 250000 tons every year. The whole designs are made up of the text of the designs and the process flow diagrams, which take sulfur as raw material to produce sulfuric acid, greatly simplify the process, save the investment cost and improve product quality. The designs describe some properties of sulfuric acid and reaction principle of the acid process, three section of burning sulfur, transformation, absorption and the entire process are explained in this paper. Importantly, each process indexes of the burning sulfur and absorption section and the process conditions are analysed. In addition, three devices that include the stove of sulfur in the section of the burning sulfur, the converter and heat exchanger in the section of the transformation are choosen. At last, the material balances of sulfur furnace and converter are caculated. In order to make a design more reasonable and perfect, we also added wastewater treatment in the design. Key words: Sulfuric Acid; Sulfuric Acid by Sulfur; The stove of sulfur;Converter 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 目录 III 1 综述 - 1 - 1.1设计概况 - 1 - 1.2硫酸几种不同的生产工艺 - 1 - 1.2.1以硫磺为原料 - 1 - 1.2.2以硫铁矿为原料 - 1 - 1.2.3冶炼烟气和其它原料 - 2 - 1.3硫酸的简介 - 2 - 1.3.1相对密度 - 2 - 1.3.2硫酸的结晶温度 - 3 - 1.3.3硫酸的热熔、热焓 - 3 - 1.3.4硫酸的沸点蒸气压和蒸气组成 - 3 - 1.3.5硫酸的粘度 - 4 - 1.3.6硫酸的化学性质 - 4 - 1.3.7硫酸的用途 - 4 - 1.3.8注意事项 - 5 - 1.4国内外硫酸工艺技术概况 - 5 - 1.5市场需求预测 - 6 - 1.6硫磺制酸工艺技术方案的选择 - 6 - 1.6.1熔硫工段 - 7 - 1.6.2焚硫工段 - 8 - 1.6.3转化工段 - 8 - 1.6.4吸收工段 - 8 - 1.7废热回收 - 9 - 2 工艺计算 - 11 - 2.1二氧化硫转化反应的基本原理 - 11 - 2.1.1二氧化硫转化成三氧化硫工艺操作条件选择和选定理由 - 12 - 2.1.2转化反应的温度 - 12 - 2.1.3转化反应的进气浓度 - 14 - 2.1.4转化器的通气量 - 17 - 2.2焚硫炉主体计算 - 17 - 2.2.1硫磺焚硫的物料衡算 - 17