隧道隧底开挖控制爆破施工技术.pdf

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隧道隧底开挖控制爆破施工技术

ControlledBlastingConstructionTechnologyforTunnelBottomExcavation

康大伟KANGDa-wei

（中铁十二局集团第三工程有限公司，太原030024）

（The3rdEngineeringCo.，Ltd.ofChinaRailway12thBureauGroup，Taiyuan030024，China）

摘要隧道拱部围岩超欠挖控制技术已较为成熟，光面爆破控制爆破技术已广泛应用于隧道建设，但是针对隧底围岩开挖施

工，仍采用集中装药的方式进行爆破，超挖情况较为严重。基于以上原因，依托广湛铁路大脊山隧道，对仰拱、底板及中心水沟小尺

寸结构物爆破技术进行探索，通过多循环的爆破参数研究与改进，总结得到了大脊山隧道隧底控制爆破参数，较好地指导了隧道后续

施工，仰拱、底板及中心水沟超欠挖得到了较好地控制，减少了隧道施工工序循环时间，保证了隧道提前贯通，综合效益显著。

Abstract:Thecontroltechnologyforoverexcavationandunderexcavationoftunnelarchsurroundingrockhasbecomerelatively

mature,andcontrolblastingtechniquessuchassmoothblastinghavebeenwidelyusedintunnelconstruction.However,fortheexcavation

oftunnelbottomsurroundingrock,centralizedchargingisstillusedforblasting,andthesituationofoverexcavationisrelativelyserious.

Basedontheabovereasons,relyingontheDajishanTunneloftheGuangzhouZhanjiangRailway,theblastingtechnologyforsmall-sized

structuressuchastheinvertedarch,bottomplate,andcentralwaterditchwasexplored.Throughmulticycleblastingparameterresearch

andimprovement,thecontrolledblastingparametersforthebottomoftheDajishanTunnelweresummarized,whicheffectivelyguidedthe

subsequentconstructionofthetunnel.Theoverexcavationoftheinvertedarch,bottomplate,andcentralwaterditchwaswellcontrolled,

reducingthecycletimeofthetunnelconstructionprocess,Ensuringtheearlycompletionofthetunnelandsignificantcomprehensive

benefits.

关键词隧底；超欠挖；控制爆破；分次爆破

Keywords:tunnelbottom；overexcavationandund