主语 主谓一致教师.doc

主语 主语是一个句子中最重要、最核心的两个部分之一。 一、单词作主语 1．主语通常由名词、代词、数词或名词化的形容词充当 All efforts will be in vain if we can’t learn English by practicing repeatedly.(名词作主语) 如果我们不通过反复练习来学习英语，所有的努力将付之东流。 2．单词作主语时要注意谓语动词的单复数。 (1)使用高级词汇(except，besides，with，as well as，together with，along with等)连接主语。(注意谓语动词一般与前面主语保持一致) The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. 老师和他的学生们要去参观博物馆。 (2)使用高级量词(quantity，amount等)修饰主语。(注意谓语动词的单复数形式) [练一练]　翻译句子 ①周六早晨，我和祖父母一起在网上查找列车时刻、北戴河的天气以及旅馆信息。(北京书面表达) On_Saturday_morning，I_together_with/as_well_as/along_with_my_grandparents，searched_the_Internet_for_the_train_schedule，the_weather_in_Beidaihe，and_some_hotel_ information. ②募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受水灾的人们。 →A large quantity of money has_been_collected_to_help_those_suffering_from_the_floods. →Large quantities of money have_been_collected_to_help_those_suffering_from_the_floods. 二、动名词作主语 1．直接位于句首作主语 In my opinion，cloning should be dealt with carefully. 我认为应该慎重对待克隆。 [句式升级]　动名词作主语可以使句子更加简练、高级。 Our school forbids us students to go out of the campus and we are strongly against it. →Forbidding us students to go out of the campus has raised a storm of objections. [练一练] We know of different cultures by learning English. →Learning_English gives us an access to an exploration of a variety of cultures. 2．用it作形式主语 为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，较复杂的动名词短语作主语时，可用it作形式主语，把动名词短语置于句末。 常用句型：It＋be＋名词或形容词(good，no good，no use，fun，pleasure，better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless)＋动名词 It is no good learning without practice. 学而不用无益。 [练一练]　完成句子 就我个人而言，劝他没用，他不会改变主意。 As far as I’m concerned，it’s_no_use_persuading him，he won’t change his mind. 3．动名词的复合结构作主语 动名词有时可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构，在句中作主语。 Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们来帮忙对我们是一个很大的鼓舞。 三、动词不定式作主语 1．直接位于句首作主语 To have a positive attitude is wise when we are let down. 当遭遇挫折时，怀有积极的态度是很明智的。 2．用it作形式主语 有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，放在句首，将作主语的不定式放在句末。 常用句型一：It＋be＋形容词(interesting，important，hard，difficult/impossible...)for sb. to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说……” If they adju