GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LEADERSHIP STYLES （性别差异在领导风格）.pdf

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LEADERSHIP STYLES AND THE IMPACT WITHIN CORPORATE BOARDS “There is a big difference between diversity and inclusiveness. Diversity is about counting the numbers. Inclusiveness is about making the numbers count. Whether it is about individuals or companies or countries, the conversation has to shift from talking about whether diversity affects performance to talking about the conditions under which you’d expect diversity to have a positive effect on performance”. Professor Boris Groysberg, Harvard Business School, January 2013 Commissioned by The Commonwealth Secretariat, Social Transformation Programmes Division Author Gita Patel, FCA Assisted by Sophie Buiting June 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 5 Section 1 The Business Case for Women in Leadership and Key Challenges: Global and Personal ... 6 Section 2 Key Principles of Decision Science 11 Section 3 Causes of Gender Differences in Leadership 14 Section 4 Focus on Gender and Leadership: Leadership Theory, Barriers to, Gender Differences 18 Section 5 Leadership Skills Gaps - Key Findings and Implications for Women, Corporate and Cabinet Strategies 22 Section 6 Recommendations and Issues for Debate for Corporations and Women’s Affairs Ministers 26 Interviews 31 References 33 3 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This paper aims to provide an overview of the gender differences in leadership and business using decision science principles, set in the context of the Commonwealth. Current findings from the ‘science o