张岱年论文论价值与价值观（Zhang Dainians thesis on values and values）.doc

张岱年论文论价值与价值观（Zhang Dainians thesis on values and values） On values and values The question of values and values is a very important theoretical problem. Since ancient times, many philosophers put forward opinions on values, but has not yet formed a theory of value system; although there has not been systematic theory about value, but still expressed a certain value, but also has some effect. As a matter of fact, the differences between different nations and other cultural systems are mainly due to differences in values. And the development of culture also indicates the development and evolution of values. What is value? What is value? What is the meaning of value? What are the standards of value? These questions are very profound theoretical questions, and they are also very complex problems. I. value and need In recent years, many treatises have been published on the issue of value in academic circles. A very popular point of view is that the meaning of value lies in the satisfaction of need. That is, everything that meets the needs of man is valuable. The main reason for this view is Marxs speech in Cora Wagners textbook of political economy. Marx said: people actually first occupy the outside world as a means of meeting their own needs., If you say, according to the German usage, this means is value, it is proved that the value, the general concept is generated from the relationship between the people to meet their needs outside of, (1) this means that the value concept originated in the need of the people and meet the need of the relationship between objects, which can meet the needs of the people of that is of value in the value, said a relationship between attributes and objects need people of no doubt, this is a basic value. However, to satisfy the need to define value can not explain all the issues related to value. For the so-called needs, there is also a question of evaluation. Peoples needs are high and low. They have both advanced and low-level needs. Fo