环境专业英语翻译.ppt

Soil Solutions of Soil Problems 吴泽 aftermath n.后果，结果 Human beings have causes soil problems as their history can be traced.But they haven’t realized its serious aftermath until recently. 追溯人类的历史，人为造成的土壤问题早就存在了。但人们直到最近才意识到它的严重后果。 Soil erosion is one of the most critical environmental and soil problems facing humanity today. 土壤侵蚀是今天人类面临的最严峻的环境和土壤问题之一。 Erosion makes soil less productive of the plant on which animal and human depend,and being disabled to sustain water and protect from drought. 侵蚀使土壤所产生的人类和动物所依赖的植物的产量有所降低,使之失去了保持水分和抗旱的能力。 Equally important,erosion causes great damage in reservoirs,lakes,waterways,and municipal water supplies. 同样严峻的是，侵蚀对水库、湖泊、河道、和城市用水的供应造成很大的损害。 Wind erosion also causes fugitive dust that may be very harmful to human health. 风蚀造成的扬尘可能严重危害人类健康。 Protecting soil from the ravages of water and wind is by far the most effective way to constrain erosion. There are two types of measures. They are engineering measures and ecological measures. 到目前为止，保护土壤不受水蚀风蚀破坏的最有效的方法是约束侵蚀。约束侵蚀有两类措施，即工程措施和生态措施。 Engineering measures are using terraces,or some other buildings to sustain soil;ecological measures mainly use plants to sustain soil and improve soil quality. 工程方法是使用梯田或其它建筑物来保持土壤; 生态方法主要是运用植物来保持土壤和改善土壤质量。 In croplands and forests，such protection is due mainly to the cover of plants and their residues. 在农田和森林中，土壤保护主要是以植物覆盖和他们的残留来实现的。 Maintaining coverage density at least 30% has contributed to the significant reductions in soil erosion. 维护至少30%的植被覆盖率可以显著的降低土壤侵蚀。 For the sake of future forest productivity and current water quality, foresters must become more selective in their harvest practices and invest more in proper forest road constrain. 为了未来的森林生产力和流水的水质，林业工作者应该更加有选择性地从事收获活动，并且在森林道路数量的限制中投入更多的精力。 Constrain sites for buildings, road, and other e