biogeography and potential exchanges among the atlantic equatorial belt cold-seep faunas生物地理学和潜在交流大西洋赤道带cold-seep生物群.pdf

Biogeography and Potential Exchanges Among the Atlantic Equatorial Belt Cold-Seep Faunas 1 2 3 4 5 ` 1 Karine Olu *, Erik E. Cordes , Charles R. Fisher , James M. Brooks , Myriam Sibuet , Daniel Desbruyeres ´ ` ´ 1 Departement Etude des Ecosystemes Profonds (DEEP), IFREMER, BP70, 29280 Plouzane, France, 2 Biology Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 3 Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 4 TDI-Brooks International, College ´ Station, Texas, United States of America, 5 Institut Oceanographique, Paris, France Abstract Like hydrothermal vents along oceanic ridges, cold seeps are patchy and isolated ecosystems along continental margins, extending from bathyal to abyssal depths. The Atlantic Equatorial Belt (AEB), from the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of Guinea, was one focus of the Census of Marine Life ChEss (Chemosynthetic Ecosystems) program to study biogeography of seep and vent fauna. We present a review and analysis of collections from five seep regions along the AEB: the Gulf of Mexico where extensive faunal sampling has been conducted from 400 to 3300m, the Barbados accretionary prism, the Blake ridge diapir, and in the Eastern Atlantic from the Congo and Gabon margins and the recently explored Nigeria margin. Of the 72 taxa identified at the species level, a total of 9 species or species complexes are identified as amphi-Atlantic. Similarity analyses based on both Bray Curtis and Hellinger distances among 9 faunal collections, and principal component ana