直接引语和间接引语讲解和练习.doc

WORD格式 可编辑 PAGE 专业技术 知识共享 Unit1 语法核心突破: 直接引语变间接引语 定义：我们转述别人的话时，可以引用别人的原话，被引用的部分称为直接引语； 用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接 一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化 1. 陈述句变为以 that 引导的宾语从句 例： He said, “Im very glad.” → He said he was very glad. 2. 一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。 例： He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” →He asked John could come that afternoon. 3. 特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when，why, where等特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 例 : He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” → He asked where Mr. Wang was. Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”. → Tom asks me food I like best 4. 祈使句变间接引语时，要变成ask/ tell/order sb（not）to do sth。 Our parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！” ?Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。 The teacher said to me, “Don’t read that novel!” ? The teacher asked/ told me that novel. Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！” Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。 二、 人称的变化 【点拨】人称的变化一般遵循“一同主，二随宾，三不变”这一原则 例如： “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said. → Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before. “I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her. → He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help. She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.” → She told me that my pronunciation was better than his. 三、时态变化 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做相应的变化，总的原则是向过去推一个时态 时态的变化 例句 一般现在时→ 一般过去时 She said, “I need a calculator.” → She said that she needed a calculator. 现在进行时→ 过去进行时 Jim said, “I’m expecting a long distance call.” → Jim said that he was expecting a long distance call. 一般将来时→过去将来时 Nancy said, “I’ll call again later.” → Nancy 一般过去时→过去完成时 He said, “I took it home with me.” →He said that he had taken it home with him. 现在完成时→过去完成时 Paul said, “Our team has won the