被动语态ppt讲解.ppt

被动语态;语态(voice)是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（Active Voice）；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态（Passive Voice）。 ;动词的被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。当主动句变为被动句时，原来的宾语变成了主语，原来的主语变成了介词by 的宾语。主动句与被动句的结构虽然不同，但动作的执行者和承受者的关系并没有改变。;一般现在时： am / is / are done 一般过去时： was / were done 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done 一般将来时： shall / will be done ; be going to be done 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can / must / have to…be done;在被动句中有时用by- 词组，有时不用。一般来说，当动作的执行者为谁不甚清楚，不甚重要或难以说出时，通常不用by。但有时为了强调动作执行者或者由于上下和结构上的需要则必须使用 by 词组。例如：; People speak English almost all over the world. 世界各地都有人讲英语。;People believe that he is an honest boy. 大家认为他是个诚实的孩子。;3. 含有介词动词的主动句的转换;;3. He made me do the work.;有些情况下动词的主动形式也可以表示被动意义。 ;二、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的动词。常见的这类动词有write, read, wear, wash, clean, sell, run, lock等。这些动词常与副词或否定词连用。例如： ;三、表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look, feel, smell, taste, sound, prove, appear等。例如： ;四、动名词主动形式表示被动意义 ;2. be worth 后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。 ;Please give me something to eat. I have a lot of work to do today. ; 1.It suddenly snowed while Mary ____for the bus. A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited 2.A big power station( )______in my home town now. A.has been built B.is being built C.has built D. is building 3.Stamps______by people for sending letters. A. use B. using C.used D. are used. 4.Must old people_____to politely? A. speak B. spoken C. be spoke D. be spoken;5.Bike mustn’t _____everywhere. A. be up B. be put C. put C. putting 6.The woman fell off the bike and ____on the road. A. lay B. was lain C. lied D. has lain 7.The old man and the children_____in our country. A.must take good care B.must be take good care of C. must take good care of D. must be taken good care of 8.Granny Wang told the little children that the sun___ From the east. A. has risen B. rise C. rises D. is risen ;9.All trees must_____well when it is dry. A.be water B.watering C