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初三被动语态讲解.doc

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2014年秋季九年级英语阶段性训练讲义() Part A Grammar ■ 被动语态: 1.观察并思考以下例句: 1)我父亲出生于1960年。 2)这支钢笔坏了。 3)那只狗昨晚被车撞死了。 4)这种花叫玫瑰。 2.基本构成: be( ? )+ 过去分词(动词p.p) 被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来的,其人称和单复数方面应与主语 保持一致。其具体变化为:…… 3. 基本用法 被动语态常用于以下两种情况: 1).不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者; 2).强调动作的承受者。例如: a. 这棵树是(被) 那个男孩弄断的。 The tree ______ ______ by that boy. ( break) b. Tom出身于1989年。 Tom _______ _________ in 1989. ( bear) c. 这种书主要是针对青少年的。 This kind of book ______ _______ at teenagers. (aim) 4.熟练转换 ① You must throw the broken pottery away at once. The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once.(同义句) Where did they grow vegetables?(改为被动语态) Where ______ vegetables ______ ? .特注意 将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况: 1).含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时,有两种方法: 将间接宾语变为主语,直接宾语保持不变; 将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如: He told us a story.(变被动语态) →We were told a story(by him).或:A story was told to us by him. Her mother gave her a new pen.(变被动语态) A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother. 2).短语动词的被动语态:在变为被动语态时,要将短语动词视为一个整体,其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如: This dictionary mustnt ______ from the library. A.take away B.taken away C.are taken away D.be taken away She will take good care of the children.(变被动语态) The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ (by her). 3).含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时,通常将宾语变为被动句的主语,而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意:省略to的不定式作宾补时,不定式符号to必须补上。例如: Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday.(变被动语态) He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday. 4).不定式的被动结构:动词不定式的被动语态为“to be +过去分词”。例如: The radio says a wild animal zoo is to ______ in our city. A.be building B.build C.be built D.built 5).被动语态练习题1. _____ a new library _____ in our school last year? ??? A. Is,built?B. Was , built?? C. Does ; build? D . Did ; build ?2. An accident ____ on this road last week. ??? A. has been happened?B. was happened? C. is happened? D. happened ?3. Cotton ____ in the southeast of China. ??? A. is grown?? B. are grown??
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