体育和健康课程校本化开发.doc

体育和健康课程校本化开发 在分享课程开发权力与职责的三级课程管 理体系中，国家课程的校本化开发成为一种必然，义务教育 体育与健康课程标准的特点决定了体育与健康课程必须经 由校本化开发才能予以实施。体育课程校本化开发是国家体 育课程愿景在学校的具体化，它是一个结合各自学校体育课 程情境进行的二次开发，其达成路径具有二元性。基于体育 课程校本化开发的需要，校长应成为创始者型变革促进者， 体育教师要主动实现角色转变，并加强体育课程校本化开发 的研究。 关键词：学校体育；体育与健康课程；校本化开发； 适应性发展 分类号：G807 A 1006-7116 (2014) 01-0082-04 School-based development of the physical education and health curriculum WEN Cai-xiong (Basic Department, Guangdong Teachers College of Foreign Langeages and Arts, Guangzhou 510507， China) Abstract : In the three-level curriculum management system that shares curriculum development power and responsibility, school-based development of national curriculums has become inevitable ； the characteristics of the physical education and health curriculum in compulsive education have determined that the physical education and health curriculum can be implemented only by means of school-based development. School-based development of the physical education curriculum is the embodiment of the prospects of the national physical education curriculum in schools ； it is secondary development in which respective circumstances of the school physical education curriculum are considered； the way to its implementation is characterized by dualism. Based on the need of school-based development of the physical education curriculum, school principals should become founder type reform boosters, while physical education teachers should realize their role transformation initiatively ， and strengthen their study of school-based development of the physical education curriculum. Key words： school physical education； physical education and health curriculum ； school-based development； adaptive development 2011年，历经试验10年之久的《义务教育体育与健康 课程标准（2011年版）》（以下简称《课程标准》）正式颁布， 标志着我国基础教育体育与健康课程改革从试验推广进入 到全面实施的新时期。在体育课程改革的实验中，一线教师 普遍感到困惑的一个问题是不知道如何根据《课程标准》来 设计和开展课堂教学，出现了教学目标泛化、教学内容去竞 技化、教学方法形式化和教学评价和气化等现象，使得体育 课程改革面临着前所未有的争议和质疑。造成这一现象的原 因是多方面的，其中，体育与健康课程校本化开发意识和能 力的缺失不能不说是一个重要的原因，因为在基于分享课程 开发权力和职责的三级课程管理体系中，体育课程必须在学 校层面根据中小学校