01-3动词形式变化记忆-2022年高考英语考前必背(通用版).docx
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备战2022年高考英语考前必背(通用版)
动词形式变化记忆
一、动词四种形式变化规则
动词第三人称单数
现在分词
过去式和过去分词
一般规则
加s
加ing
加ed
其他规则
①原形动词词尾为“ch,sh,o,s,x”,加“es”。如:fix→fixes;teach→teaches;wash→washes
②原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“ies”;若是“元音字母+y”,只加“s”。如:study→studies;say→says
①原形动词以不发音的“e”结尾时,去“e”后+“ing”。如:live→living;make→making
②原形动词词尾为“ie”时,先把“ie”改为“y”后+“ing”。如:lie→lying;die→dying;tie→tying
③原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常重复词尾后再加“ing”。如:travel→travelling/traveling;prefer→preferring;refer→referring。
④原形动词以“辅元辅”结尾,且为重读闭音节,先双写最后一个辅音字母后再+“ing”(字母组合除外)。如:plan→planning;get→getting;stop→stopping。注意:show,grow,draw,blow,know,flow等不用双写。
①原形动词词尾为“e”时,加“d”。如live→lived;like→liked
②原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“ied”;若是词尾为“元音字母+y”,只加“ed”。如:study→studied;play→played
③原形动词词尾为“元音+l,r”并为重读音节时,常双写词尾后再加“ed”。如:prefer→preferred
④原形动词以“辅元辅”结尾,且为重读闭音节,先双写最后一个辅音字母后再+“ed”。如:chat→chatted;beg→begged;stop→stopped
二、动词过去式和过去分词不规则变化
1.AAA型
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
bet
bet
bet
broadcast
broadcast
broadcast
bid
bid/bade
bid/bidden
burst
burst
burst
cast
cast
cast
cost
cost
cost
cut
cut
cut
forecast
forecast/forecasted
forecast/forecasted
hit
hit
hit
hurt
hurt
hurt
knit
knit/knitted
knit/knitted
let
let
let
put
put
put
quit
quit/quitted
quit/quitted
read
read
read
rid
rid
rid
set
set
set
shut
shut
shut
spit
美式spit/spat英式
美式spit/spat英式
split
split
split
spread
spread
spread
sweat
sweat/sweated
sweat/sweated
thrust
thrust
thrust
upset
upset
upset
wed
wed/wedded
wed/wedded
wet
wet/wetted
wet/wetted
2.AAB型
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
beat
beat
beaten
3.ABA型
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
e
came
e
bee
became
bee
overe
overcame
overe
run
ran
run
4.ABB型
(1)在原形动词后面加字母ed或字母d或字母t构成过去式、过去分词
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
hear
heard
heard
burn
burnt/burned
burnt/burned
learn
learnt/learned
learnt/learned
dream
dreamt/dreamed
dreamt/dreamed
mean
meant
meant
lean
leant/leaned
leant/leaned
leap
leapt/leaped
leapt/leaped
spoil
spoilt/spoiled
spoilt/spoiled
deal
dealt
dealt
(2)把原形动词的最后一个辅音字母d改成