考研英语语法讲座系列-2.ppt

………hispushforCongresstorepealthe“don’task,don’ttell”lawbarringthemilitaryfromallowinggaypeopletoserveopenly

;非谓语动词

;〔非谓语动词〕;1.不定式：;todo(nottodo)一般式〔否认〕

tobedoing进行式主动

tohavedone完成式

tobedone一般式被动

tohavebeendone完成式;一般式----进行式----完成式

1.I’mgladtoseeyou.

2.Theyinvitedustocometoaparty.

3.Theyaresaidtobebuildinganotherbridgeovertheriver.

4.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspapertohavebeenrobbedinbroaddaylightyesterday.

;用法;1.不定式作主语;不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但以下表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时,不定式的逻辑主语那么由of引导：

absurd,bold,brave,courageous,careful,

careless,clever,wise,foolish,silly,stupid,

good,nice,kind,thoughtful,considerate,

greedy,generous,honest,modest,polite,

rude,cruel,selfish,lazy,wicked,wrong

如：

Expertssaywalkingisoneofthebestways

forapersontostayhealthy.

It’scleverofyoutohaveinventedsuchadevice.;2.不定式作宾语

Helovedtolistentomusic.

IfinditdifficulttospeakEnglishfluently.

Shedoesn’tknowwhattodo.〔O.ofv.〕

Hehadnoideaofwhattodo.〔O.ofprep.〕

;

以下动词要求不定式作宾语：

afford,agree,aim,appear,arrange,care,choose,decide,desire,demand,determine,help,hope,intend,learn,manage,mean,offer,plan,pretend,promise,refuse,seem,strive,tend,wish,…

不定式一般不能作介词的宾语，只有在极少

介词如：but,except等后才行，此时不定式

可带to或不带to

cannothelpbutdo〔不得不〕,cannotbutdo,cannotchoosebutdo,candonothingbutdo,havenochoice/alternativebuttodo〔只得〕;3.不定式作表语;;4.不定式作定语;5.不定式作补足语〔宾补和主补〕

不定式作宾补：;不定式做主语补足语：

不定式作主补出现在被动语态之后〔注意时态〕

said/reported/thought/believed/known

Byronissaidtohavelivedonvinegarand

potatoes.

Theviewisthoughttobewrong.

Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper

tohavebeenrobbedinbroaddaylight

yesterday.;;Myadvisorencouraged______asummerco