语法专题复习---谓语动词.docx

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语法专题复习谓语动词

语法点讲解

考点一：谓语动词的特征

考点二：谓语动词的时态

时态

动词结构

时间状语

一般现在时

1.be动词

2.行为动词：主语+does/do+其他

often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday(week,month),onceaweek,onMondays,etc.

一般过去时

1.was/were

2.行为动词的过去式

yesterday,last,ago,week(month,year),in2000,justnow,oneday,longlongago,etc.

一般将来时

1.begoingtodo

2.willdo

tomorrow,tomorrow,morning/afternoon,thedayaftertomorrow,nextSunday/week/year/month,soon,etc.

现在进行时

主语+am/is/are+doing

now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.

过去进行时

主语+was/were+doing

then,atthis/thattimeyesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

过去将来时

主语+would+do

thenextday,thenextmonth,或者过去时间的later,soon

现在完成时

主语+have/hasdone

already,yet,just,before,recently,in/overthepastfewyears,ever,sofar,uptonow等,及由for或since引导的时间状语。

过去完成时

主语+had+done

by+过去的时间点,bytheendof+过去的时间点,

before+过去的时间点

将来完成时

主语+will+have+done

by+将来时间:bynextmonth,bytheendofnextyear,

before+将来时间:beforetheendofthemonth

考点三：谓语动词的语态

常见被动结构一览表

常见被动结构

例句

结构

一般现在时的被动语态

Thewriter’sworksaretranslatedworldwide.

am/is/aredone

一般过去时的被动语态

Thepaintingwassoldyesterday.

was/weredone

一般将来时被动语态

AnewspaceshipwillbelaunchedtoMarsnextyear.

willbedone

过去将来时被动语态

Theyhadplannedthattheconcertwouldbeheldthenextmonth.

wouldbedone

现在完成时被动语态

Manyimportantinventionshavebeencreatedbythisscientist.

have/hasbeendone

过去完成时被动语态

Bythetimehewas20,hisnovelhadbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.

hadbeendone

现在进行时被动语态

Abookaboutthisfamousartistisbeingwrittennow.

am/is/arebeingdone

过去进行时被动语态

Whentheyarrived,themoviewasbeingfilmed.

was/werebeingdone

特殊结构

不用于被动语态的动词

主动表被动

五感官三变化两发生:look，smell,taste，feel，sound，become，get，turn，happen，takeplace

出现消失属于爆发：comeout,belongto,breakout,spread,appear,disappear

主语为物体：read,write,draw,wash,clean,cook,sell,lock,open,cut

动名词

主动表被动

在need,want,require,bear等词后面作宾语

beworthdoing

不定式

主动形式表被动

adj.+todo结构

too...to...结构

Therebe

不定式作定语