设计模式案例.ppt

DesignPatterns,ArchitecturalPatternsPascalMolliUniversityHenri-PoincaréPascal.Molli@loria.fr1

Bibliography…??ASystemofPattern??BushmannetAll??DesignPatterns??GammaetAll??ConcurrentProgramminginJava??D.Lea.??DistributedObjects??OrfalietAll??ApplyingUMLandPatterns??Larman2

Patterns…??Patternshelpyoubuildonthecollectiveexperienceofskilledsoftwareengineers.????Theycaptureexisting,well-provenexperienceinsoftwaredevelopmentandhelptopromotegooddesignpractice????Everypatterndealswithaspecific,recurringprobleminthedesignorimplementationofasoftwaresystem????Patternscanbeusedtoconstructsoftwarearchitectureswithspecificproperties…??3

BecomingaChessMasterFirstlearnrulesandphysicalrequirementse.g.,namesofpieces,legalmovements,chessboardgeometryandorientation,etc.Thenlearnprinciplese.g.,relativevalueofcertainpieces,strategicvalueofcentersquares,powerofathreat,etc.However,tobecomeamasterofchess,onemuststudythegamesofothermastersThesegamescontainpatternsthatmustbeunderstood,memorized,andappliedrepeatedlyTherearehundredsofthesepatterns4

BecomingaSoftwareDesignerMasterFirstlearntherulese.g.,thealgorithms,datastructuresandlanguagesofsoftwareThenlearntheprinciplese.g.,structuredprogramming,modularprogramming,objectorientedprogramming,genericprogramming,etc.However,totrulymastersoftwaredesign,onemuststudythedesignsofothermastersThesedesignscontainpatternsmustbeunderstood,memorized,andappliedrepeatedlyTherearehundredsofthesepatterns5

SoftwareArchitectureAsoftwarearchitectureisadescriptionofthesubsystemsandcomponentsofasoftwaresystemandtherelationshipsbetweenthem.Subsystemsandcomponentsaretypicallyspecifiedindifferentviewstoshowtherelevantfunctionalandnon-functionalpropertiesofasoftwaresystem.Thesoftwaresystemisanartifact.Itis