古代文化翻译练习学生版unit 5补充.pptx

Unit5ScienceandTechnology;;;KeytoTranslation

1）ShenKuowasahighlyrenownedgovernmentofficialandmilitarygeneraloftheSongDynasty.ShenKuo’simmortalmasterpieceDreamPoolEssays《梦溪笔谈》recordsvariousfieldsofstudyincludinggeology,astronomy,movabletypeprinting,botany（植物学）andzoologyetc.Inthebook,theword“shiyou”(petroleum)wasusedforthefirsttimeintheliteratureofChinesehistory,whichwashisremarkablecontributiontoscience.Unlikemostpeopleinhistime,ShenKuotookanobjectiveandspeculative（思索性的）viewpointonnaturalphenomena.Headvocatedthatthesolarcalendarbeusedtoreplacethelunarcalendar,withthirty-oneorthirtydaysamonthand“lichun”(“StartofSpring”accordingtolunisolarcalendar“阴阳历”)asthebeginningofayear.;KeytoTranslation

2）XuGuangqi(1562-1633)wasaChinesemathematicianandagriculturalscientistintheMingDynasty.Asatopofficial,XuwasperceivedasapioneerintroducingWesternscientificachievementsinChinaandalsothefirstintellectualbelieverinCatholicism（天主教）inthelateMingDynasty.ThespreadofCatholicisminChinaintheearlyagesowedmuchtosomeofficialsandintellectuals,especiallyXuGuangqi.XucompiledCompleteTreatiseonAgriculture《农政全书》,anagriculturalencyclopedia（百科全书）.ThebookbasicallyincludesallthesubjectsconcernedaboutvariousdomainsinthelifeandproductionofancientChinesepeople,suchasirrigation（灌溉）,farmtools,plantingtrees,herding,manufacturing,andsilkwormbreeding（养蚕）.