IB生物 复习课件 02 分子生物学 IB Biology Reviewed PPT 02 Molecular Biology.pptx

Molecular Biology 2.1 Metabolism Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds Illustration by Hugo Lin From ThoughtCo. Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids List the elements that compose carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acid Draw molecular diagrams of the ring forms of ribose (D-ribose), alpha-D-glucose and beta-D-glucose Draw a molecular diagram of a generalised amino acid Draw molecular diagrams of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids What is metabolism? Metabolism is the web of all the enzyme catalysed reactions in a cell or organism. Most of these reactions occur in the cytoplasm, but some are extracellular, such as those used to digest food in the small intestine. Metabolism is therefore the sum of all reactions that occur in an organism. It is the way one molecule is transformed into another, in a series of small steps. These steps are mostly pathways but also consist of cycles, like the kreb or the urea cycle. Even in prokaryotic cells, metabolism consists of over 1,000 different reactions; this makes mapping a global map of all reactions very difficult. However, there are examples, such as those shown on the side. 2.2 Water Draw and label a diagram of a water molecule to show the polarity and show how the hydrogen bonds form between molecules Compare the thermal properties of water with those of methane Cohesion refers to the binding together of two identical molecules; we know that water molecules cohere due to the polarity that causes the hydrogen bonding between them.. Adhesive properties explain their ability to form hydrogen bonds between themselves and other polar molecules; this allows them to stick to other surfaces, such as leaves. Thermal properties are very helpful to living organisms; their high specific heat capacity works in a way where hydrogen bonds restrict the motion of water molecules and to increase the temperature, these bonds needs to be broken. Solvent properties, along with their polar